/* ── SubPlus Articles — Shared Styles ─────────────────────── */

.skip-link { position: absolute; top: -100%; left: 16px; z-index: 9999; background: var(--accent); color: white; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; padding: 8px 16px; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; transition: top 0.1s; }
.skip-link:focus { top: 8px; }

:root {
  --accent:       #0071e3;
  --accent-soft:  #e8f1fd;
  --text:         #1d1d1f;
  --text-2:       #3d3d3f;
  --text-3:       #6e6e73;
  --bg:           #f5f5f7;
  --surface:      #fbfbfd;
  --border:       rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  --border-dark:  #d1d5db;
  --font:         'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
  --prose-width:  680px;
  --layout-width: 1120px;
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; font-size: 16px; }

body {
  font-family: var(--font);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--text);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ── Reading progress ───────────────────────────────────── */
#reading-progress {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0;
  width: 0%;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--accent);
  z-index: 1000;
  transition: width 0.1s linear;
}

/* ── Nav ──────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 200;
  height: 48px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.72);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 0 22px;
}
.nav-logo {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
}
.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 28px;
  list-style: none;
}
.nav-links a {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text-3);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a.active { color: var(--text); }
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .nav-links { display: none; }
}

/* ── Article header ───────────────────────────────────── */
.art-header {
  max-width: var(--layout-width);
  margin: 56px auto 0;
  padding: 0 24px;
}
.art-breadcrumb {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-3);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.art-breadcrumb a {
  color: var(--text-2);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.art-breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.art-breadcrumb .sep { opacity: 0.4; font-size: 10px; }

.art-category {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.art-title {
  font-size: clamp(28px, 4.5vw, 44px);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.15;
  color: var(--text);
  max-width: var(--prose-width);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.art-subtitle {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  line-height: 1.6;
  max-width: 600px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.art-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  padding-bottom: 28px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.art-meta-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-2);
}
.art-meta-item svg { opacity: 0.5; flex-shrink: 0; }
.art-meta-sep { width: 1px; height: 14px; background: var(--border-dark); }

/* ── Key takeaways ────────────────────────────────────── */
.art-takeaways {
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,113,227,0.15);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 22px 24px;
  margin: 32px 0;
}
.art-takeaways-title {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.art-takeaways ul {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}
.art-takeaways li {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.art-takeaways li::before {
  content: '✓';
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  margin-top: 1px;
}

/* ── Main layout ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.art-layout {
  max-width: var(--layout-width);
  margin: 40px auto 80px;
  padding: 0 24px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 240px;
  gap: 64px;
  align-items: start;
}

/* ── Prose ────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.art-prose {
  min-width: 0;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.78;
  color: var(--text);
}
.art-prose h2 {
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--text);
  margin: 52px 0 16px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  scroll-margin-top: 80px;
}
.art-prose h2:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.art-prose h3 {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--text);
  margin: 32px 0 10px;
  line-height: 1.35;
  scroll-margin-top: 80px;
}
.art-prose p { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.art-prose p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.art-prose strong { font-weight: 650; color: var(--text); }
.art-prose a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.art-prose a:hover { opacity: 0.8; }
.art-prose ul, .art-prose ol {
  margin: 4px 0 22px 0;
  padding-left: 22px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}
.art-prose li { line-height: 1.65; }
.art-prose hr {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  margin: 44px 0;
}

/* ── Callout blocks ───────────────────────────────────── */
.callout {
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  margin: 28px 0;
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.callout-icon { font-size: 18px; flex-shrink: 0; margin-top: 1px; }
.callout-body { flex: 1; }
.callout-title {
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 13px;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.callout.tip {
  background: #f0faf4;
  border: 1px solid #bbf0cc;
}
.callout.tip .callout-title { color: #1a8a3a; }
.callout.tip .callout-body { color: #1d4a2a; }
.callout.info {
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,113,227,0.2);
}
.callout.info .callout-title { color: var(--accent); }
.callout.info .callout-body { color: #1a3a5c; }
.callout.warning {
  background: #fffbeb;
  border: 1px solid #fcd34d;
}
.callout.warning .callout-title { color: #b45309; }
.callout.warning .callout-body { color: #4a3200; }

/* ── Stat blocks ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.stat-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  margin: 28px 0;
}
.stat-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 18px 16px;
  text-align: center;
}
.stat-card .num {
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--accent);
  letter-spacing: -1px;
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.stat-card .label {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* ── Comparison table ─────────────────────────────────── */
.comparison-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 14px;
  margin: 28px 0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.comparison-table th {
  background: var(--bg);
  padding: 12px 16px;
  text-align: left;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-2);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.comparison-table td {
  padding: 12px 16px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  color: var(--text);
  vertical-align: top;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.comparison-table tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
.comparison-table tr:hover td { background: var(--bg); }
.check { color: #22c55e; font-weight: 700; }
.cross { color: #ef4444; font-weight: 700; }

/* ── Article CTA ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.art-cta {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a2e 0%, #16213e 100%);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 36px 32px;
  margin: 56px 0 0;
  text-align: center;
}
.art-cta h3 {
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: white;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  letter-spacing: -0.3px;
}
.art-cta p {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.art-cta-buttons {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.art-cta-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 11px 20px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: opacity 0.2s, transform 0.15s;
}
.art-cta-btn:hover { opacity: 0.9; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.art-cta-btn.primary { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0071e3 0%, #3a8fe8 50%, #0058c4 100%); color: white; }
.art-cta-btn.secondary { background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.14) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.22) 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0.1) 100%); color: white; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15); }

/* ── FAQ section ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.art-faq { margin: 56px 0 0; }
.art-faq h2 {
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  scroll-margin-top: 80px;
}
.faq-item {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.faq-item:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.faq-trigger {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 100%;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 18px 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-align: left;
  gap: 16px;
}
.faq-q {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.faq-chevron {
  width: 26px; height: 26px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--bg);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: background 0.2s, transform 0.3s;
  color: var(--text-2);
}
.faq-item.open .faq-chevron {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.faq-answer {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  line-height: 1.7;
  max-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: max-height 0.4s ease, padding-bottom 0.3s;
}
.faq-item.open .faq-answer {
  max-height: 300px;
  padding-bottom: 20px;
}

/* ── TOC sidebar ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.art-toc {
  position: sticky;
  top: 80px;
  font-size: 13px;
}
.art-toc-title {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-3);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.art-toc ul {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2px;
}
.art-toc li a {
  display: block;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  text-decoration: none;
  line-height: 1.4;
  transition: color 0.15s, background 0.15s;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
}
.art-toc li a:hover,
.art-toc li a.active {
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  border-left-color: var(--accent);
}
.art-toc .toc-h3 a {
  padding-left: 20px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-3);
}
.art-toc .toc-divider {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  margin: 16px 0;
}

/* ── Related articles ────────────────────────────────── */
.art-related {
  max-width: var(--layout-width);
  margin: 0 auto 80px;
  padding: 0 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding-top: 48px;
}
.art-related-title {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.related-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
}
.related-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 20px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: border-color 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s, transform 0.15s;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}
.related-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0,113,227,0.1);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.related-card-cat {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}
.related-card-title {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 650;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--text);
}
.related-card-meta {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-3);
  margin-top: auto;
}

/* ── Article index ───────────────────────────────────── */
/* ── ARTICLE INDEX HERO — FINTECH-MINIMALISM HEADER ── */
.index-hero {
  background: var(--bg);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding: 64px 24px 64px;
  text-align: center;
}

/* MAIN HEADING — BOLD APPLE-STYLE STATEMENT */
.index-hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(34px, 5.5vw, 60px);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1.08;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

/* SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH — LIGHT, AIRY, RESTRAINED */
.index-hero p {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  max-width: 480px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  line-height: 1.65;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.index-categories {
  max-width: var(--layout-width);
  margin: 48px auto 0;
  padding: 0 24px;
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.cat-pill {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 7px 14px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--text-2);
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.15s;
}
.cat-pill:hover,
.cat-pill.active {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}
.index-grid {
  max-width: var(--layout-width);
  margin: 32px auto 80px;
  padding: 0 24px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
}
.index-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 24px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: all 0.2s;
}
.index-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 28px rgba(0,113,227,0.09);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.index-card-cat {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}
.index-card-title {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--text);
}
.index-card-desc {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-2);
  line-height: 1.55;
  flex: 1;
}
.index-card-footer {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-top: 4px;
}
.index-card-meta {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-3);
}
.index-card-arrow {
  width: 28px; height: 28px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--bg);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-3);
  transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}
.index-card:hover .index-card-arrow {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: white;
}
.index-card.featured {
  grid-column: span 2;
  flex-direction: row;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: flex-start;
}
.index-card.featured .index-card-content { flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
.index-card.featured .index-card-title { font-size: 20px; }

/* ── Footer ───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.art-footer {
  background: #1a1a2e;
  padding: 40px 24px;
  text-align: center;
}
.art-footer-inner { max-width: var(--layout-width); margin: 0 auto; }
.art-footer a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: white;
  text-decoration: none;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.art-footer p {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
}

/* ── Shared nav (matches main index) ─────────────────── */
.nav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 200;
  height: 48px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.72);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 0 22px;
}
.nav-logo {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
}
.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 28px;
  list-style: none;
}
.nav-links a {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text-3);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a.active { color: var(--text); font-weight: 500; }

/* ── Shared footer (matches main index) ──────────────── */
.site-footer {
  background: #1d1d1f;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  padding: 52px 24px 36px;
}
.site-footer .footer-inner {
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 52px;
}
.site-footer .footer-brand .nav-logo { color: white; margin-bottom: 12px; display: inline-flex; }
.site-footer .footer-brand p { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4); line-height: 1.65; max-width: 240px; }
.footer-social { display: flex; gap: 10px; margin-top: 16px; }
.footer-social-icon { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 32px; height: 32px; border-radius: 8px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06); color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4); text-decoration: none; transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s; }
.footer-social-icon:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); color: #fff; }
.site-footer .footer-col h4 { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.07em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.35); margin-bottom: 16px; }
.site-footer .footer-col ul { list-style: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
.site-footer .footer-col a { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.15s; }
.site-footer .footer-col a:hover { color: white; }
.site-footer .footer-bottom {
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin: 40px auto 0;
  padding-top: 20px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.3);
}

/* ── PHOTO GRID — INDEX PAGE REDESIGN ── */
.index-hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; }

/* GHOST WATERMARK — OVERSIZED, RIGHT-ANCHORED, BARELY VISIBLE */
.index-hero-ghost {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  font-size: clamp(80px, 28.5vw, 460px);
  font-weight: 900;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,0.018);
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  pointer-events: none;
  user-select: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
  z-index: 0;
  line-height: 0.9;
  text-align: center;
}

/* ENSURE ALL HERO CHILDREN RENDER ABOVE THE GHOST LAYER */
.index-hero > * { position: relative; z-index: 1; }

.ph-wrap {
  max-width: var(--layout-width);
  margin: 40px auto 0;
  padding: 0 24px 80px;
}

/* Hero 2-column photo grid */
.ph-hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 0.5fr;
  gap: 14px;
  height: 620px;
}
.ph-stack {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
}
.ph-stack .ph-card { flex: 1; }

/* Base photo card */
.ph-card {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 20px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 22px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: white;
  transition: transform 0.35s ease, box-shadow 0.35s ease;
  will-change: transform;
  transform: scale(1) rotate(0deg) translateZ(0);
  -webkit-mask-image: -webkit-radial-gradient(white, black);
}
.ph-card:hover {
  transform: scale(0.98) rotate(0.3deg) translateZ(0);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 64px rgba(0,0,0,0.28);
}
.ph-card-ovl {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(5,8,28,0.92) 0%, rgba(5,8,28,0.38) 48%, transparent 100%);
  transition: opacity 0.4s;
}
.ph-card:hover .ph-card-ovl { opacity: 0.85; }
.ph-card-body {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  gap: 12px;
}
.ph-card-info { flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }
.ph-card-cat {
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  padding: 3px 10px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.22);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  width: fit-content;
  color: white;
}
.ph-card-title {
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  line-height: 1.2;
  color: white;
}
.ph-card.ph-sm .ph-card-title { font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.ph-card-meta {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
}
.ph-arrow {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: background 0.25s, transform 0.3s, border-color 0.25s;
}
.ph-card:hover .ph-arrow {
  background: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

/* Category section headers */
.ph-section { margin-top: 60px; }
.ph-section-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.ph-section-label {
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  padding: 4px 12px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.ph-section-line { flex: 1; height: 1px; background: var(--border); }

/* Mini photo cards grid */
.ph-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
}
.ph-mini {
  border-radius: 14px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--surface);
  transition: border-color 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s, transform 0.2s;
}
.ph-mini:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 28px rgba(0,113,227,0.1);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.ph-mini-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 148px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  background: var(--bg);
}
.ph-mini-body {
  padding: 16px 18px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 7px;
  flex: 1;
}
.ph-mini-cat {
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}
.ph-mini-title {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--text);
}
.ph-mini-footer {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 12px;
}
.ph-mini-meta { font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-3); }
.ph-mini-arrow {
  width: 26px;
  height: 26px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--bg);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-3);
  transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.ph-mini:hover .ph-mini-arrow { background: var(--accent); color: white; }

/* Bottom CTA banner */
.ph-cta-banner {
  max-width: var(--layout-width);
  margin: 64px auto 0;
  padding: 0 24px 80px;
}
.ph-cta-inner {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a2e 0%, #16213e 100%);
  border-radius: 20px;
  padding: 52px 40px;
  text-align: center;
}
.ph-cta-inner h2 {
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: white;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.2;
}
.ph-cta-inner p {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
  max-width: 480px;
  margin: 0 auto 28px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.ph-cta-btns { display: flex; gap: 12px; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.ph-cta-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 13px 24px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: opacity 0.2s, transform 0.15s;
}
.ph-cta-btn:hover { opacity: 0.9; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.ph-cta-btn.primary { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0071e3 0%, #3a8fe8 50%, #0058c4 100%); color: white; }
.ph-cta-btn.secondary { background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.14) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.22) 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0.1) 100%); color: white; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15); }

/* ── Responsive ───────────────────────────────────────── */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .nav-links { display: none; }
  .site-footer .footer-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 32px; }
  .art-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
  }
  .art-toc { display: none; }
  .related-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .index-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .index-card.featured { grid-column: span 2; flex-direction: column; }
  .stat-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .ph-hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; height: auto; }
  .ph-stack { flex-direction: row; }
  .ph-stack .ph-card { min-height: 220px; }
  .ph-card { min-height: 260px; }
  .ph-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .ph-cta-inner { padding: 36px 28px; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .art-header { margin-top: 56px; }
  .art-title { font-size: 26px; }
  .art-subtitle { font-size: 16px; }
  .art-prose { font-size: 16px; }
  .art-prose h2 { font-size: 20px; }
  .index-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .index-card.featured { grid-column: span 1; }
  .art-cta { padding: 28px 20px; }
  .stat-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .comparison-table { font-size: 12px; }
  .comparison-table th, .comparison-table td { padding: 10px 12px; }
  .ph-hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .ph-stack { flex-direction: column; }
  .ph-stack .ph-card { min-height: 200px; }
  .ph-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .ph-cta-inner h2 { font-size: 22px; }
  .ph-cta-inner { padding: 28px 20px; }
  .nav-btn-cta { display: none !important; }
  .site-footer .footer-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .site-footer .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; text-align: center; }
}